摘要

一项由Pennington生物医学研究人员发表在《柳叶刀：糖尿病与内分泌学》上的重要研究揭示，2001年至2023年间，美国极端肥胖（BMI≥60 kg/m²）成人数量激增210%，远超普通肥胖（BMI≥30）30%的增长率。研究基于NHANES数据分析指出，超过85万美国人现处于这一极高风险群体，面临严重健康问题、行动不便及医疗资源获取难题。与中度肥胖（BMI 30-40）相比，BMI≥60的个体常无法行走，需特殊设备支持，且对如GLP-1类药物等治疗反应不佳，这类药物对此群体的疗效数据尚缺。研究主要作者Philip Schauer博士强调，现有政策多针对较低BMI群体，急需针对极端肥胖的有效干预措施。同时，研究还发现同期正常体重及超重人群比例下降。执行主任John Kirwan博士呼吁改革医疗体系，填补基础设施空白，并优先考虑极端肥胖的研究与资源分配。此项与CDC专家合作、经同行评审的研究，凸显了需多学科协作解决的公共卫生紧急状况。

A landmark study by Pennington Biomedical researchers, published in The Lancet: Diabetes & Endocrinology, reveals a 210% surge in U.S. adults with extreme obesity (BMI ≥60 kg/m²) from 2001-2023, far outpacing the 30% rise in general obesity (BMI ≥30). Analyzing NHANES data, the study highlights that over 850,000 Americans now fall into this highest-risk category, facing severe comorbidities, mobility limitations, and healthcare access challenges. Unlike moderate obesity (BMI 30-40), individuals with BMI ≥60 are often non-ambulatory, require specialized equipment exceeding standard weight limits, and show reduced responsiveness to therapies like GLP-1 drugs, which lack efficacy data for this group. Dr. Philip Schauer, lead author, emphasizes the urgent need for targeted interventions, as current policies predominantly address lower BMI categories. The findings also note declining rates of normal-weight and overweight populations during the same period. Executive Director Dr. John Kirwan calls for systemic healthcare reforms to address infrastructure gaps, stressing that extreme obesity demands prioritized research and resource allocation. Co-authored with CDC experts, this peer-reviewed analysis underscores a critical public health crisis requiring multidisciplinary solutions.